Efficacy of three-dimensional endoscopy in endonasal surgery

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Neurosurgery
• Surgical Technology

Background:

• Traditional two-dimensional (2D) endoscopy presents limitations in depth perception for complex sinus and skull base surgeries.
• Advancements in visualization technology are crucial for improving surgical outcomes and training.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical efficacy and educational benefits of three-dimensional (3D) endoscopes in endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery.
• To compare the performance of 3D endoscopy with conventional 2D endoscopy in simulated and clinical settings.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective case series and qualitative research involving five cadavers.
• Performance of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and hypophysectomy using 3D endoscopes.
• Assessment of educational advantages via questionnaires administered to 73 surgeons.

Main Results:

• 3D endoscopy provided superior depth perception compared to 2D endoscopy, particularly in the posterior nasal cavity.
• All surgeries were completed without perioperative complications; operative time and bleeding were comparable to 2D procedures.
• 89% of surgeons reported improved anatomical understanding with 3D endoscopy, especially for skull base and posterior ethmoid sinus regions.

Conclusions:

• 3D endoscopes offer enhanced anatomical visualization of posterior sinus and skull base structures.
• The technology facilitates more precise instrument manipulation during endonasal surgeries.
• 3D endoscopes are poised to become a standard tool for advanced endonasal surgical procedures.