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Conserved nutrient sensor O-GlcNAc transferase is integral to C. elegans pathogen-specific immunity.

Michelle R Bond¹, Salil K Ghosh², Peng Wang³

¹National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.

|December 5, 2014

Summary

The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) cycling pathway, specifically OGT-1, is crucial for Caenorhabditis elegans immunity. This nutrient sensor modulates the immune response to specific pathogens like S. aureus.

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Osmotic Avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans: Synaptic Function of Two Genes, Orthologues of Human NRXN1 and NLGN1, as Candidates for Autism

Osmotic Avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans: Synaptic Function of Two Genes, Orthologues of Human NRXN1 and NLGN1, as Candidates for Autism

Published on: December 11, 2009

Area of Science:

Immunology
Molecular Biology
Microbiology

Background:

Distinguishing pathogenic bacteria from food sources is vital for Caenorhabditis elegans innate immunity.
The role of nutrient-sensing pathways in immune responses is an area of active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the function of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) cycling enzymes in C. elegans immunity.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which O-GlcNAc cycling influences pathogen recognition and defense.

Main Methods:

Utilized Caenorhabditis elegans mutants deficient in O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes.
Performed genetic analysis, including deletion studies and genetic interaction mapping.
Conducted whole genome transcriptional profiling to assess gene expression changes.

Main Results:

Deletion of O-GlcNAc transferase (ogt-1) resulted in hypersensitivity to Staphylococcus aureus but not Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
OGT-1 functions through the beta-catenin (BAR-1) pathway and interacts with p38 MAPK (PMK-1) in immunity.
O-GlcNAc cycling mutants showed dysregulation of stress- and immune-responsive genes.

Conclusions:

The nutrient sensor OGT-1 plays a critical role in pathogen-specific immunity in C. elegans.
This nutrient-sensing pathway is conserved across species, highlighting a link between nutrient availability and immunity.
Reveals an unexplored connection between nutrient sensing and pathogen-specific immune responses in an evolutionarily conserved module.