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Infective endocarditis in the Lao PDR: clinical characteristics and outcomes in a developing country

Mariana Mirabel1, Sayaphet Rattanavong2, Khamthavy Frichitthavong3

  • 1INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.

International Journal of Cardiology
|December 9, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Infective endocarditis (IE) in Laos primarily affects young adults and is often caused by Streptococcus spp. This study highlights the high mortality associated with IE in this Southeast Asian population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on infective endocarditis (IE) in Southeast Asia.
  • Lao PDR, a lower-middle-income country, has scarce epidemiological information on IE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE).
  • To describe patient demographics, underlying conditions, pathogens, and outcomes of IE in Lao PDR.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted at Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane.
  • Included patients aged over 1 year with definite or possible IE (modified Duke criteria) admitted between 2006 and 2012.
  • Data collected included patient characteristics, valve involvement, causative agents, complications, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-six patients met the inclusion criteria, with 91.7% having left-sided IE.
  • Rheumatic valve disease (33.3%) was the most common underlying condition; Streptococcus spp. was the most frequent pathogen (19.4%).
  • High complication rates (heart failure, valve regurgitation, neurological events) and a significant mortality rate (38.9%) were observed. Blood cultures were frequently negative (61.1%).

Conclusions:

  • Infective endocarditis in Laos predominantly affects young adults.
  • Rheumatic heart disease is a significant predisposing factor for IE in this region.
  • IE carries a high mortality rate in Laos, underscoring the need for improved diagnostics and management strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Developing countriesHeart valve diseaseInfective endocarditisLao PDRLaosRheumatic heart diseaseSepticemia

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