[Risk prediction of cardiovascular toxicities due to cancer therapies]

Cancer prognosis has steadily improved over recent decades. In 2025, approximately 85% of patients with cancer were in remission. The growing complexity of oncologic treatments has led to substantial gains in progression-free survival, albeit at the cost of increased cardiotoxic risk. Cardiotoxicity most commonly manifests as heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction. Consequently, the cardiovascular mortality of individuals treated for childhood cancers, as well as of older women treated for breast cancer, now equals or even exceeds oncologic mortality.In response, the European Society of Cardiology has issued its first cardio-oncology guidelines, establishing precise thresholds for left ventricular ejection fraction, longitudinal function (as assessed by echocardiographic strain parameters), and selected cardiac biomarkers. Within this framework, it is crucial to develop robust strategies to predict, enable early detection of, and ideally prevent treatment-related adverse cardiac effects. Rigorous control of traditional cardiovascular risk factors remains the cornerstone of preventing oncology-treatment-induced cardiotoxicity.