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Protein phosphorylation in stomatal movement.

Tong Zhang1, Sixue Chen, Alice C Harmon

  • 1a Department of Biology and the University of Florida Genetics Institute; University of Florida ; Gainesville , FL USA.

Plant Signaling & Behavior
|December 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein phosphorylation is crucial for guard cells to control stomatal movement in response to environmental signals like abscisic acid and blue light. This process also mediates pathway cross-talk in plants.

Keywords:
AAPK, ABA activated protein kinaseABAABA, abscisic acidABI, abscisic acid insensitiveAHK5, Arabidopsis histidine kinases 5AKS, ABA-responsive kinase substratesBL, blue lightBLUS1, blue light signaling1CBL, calcineurin-B like proteinsCIPK, CBL-interacting protein kinaseCPK, calcium dependent protein kinaseEPs, epidermal peelsGCPs, guard cell protoplastsGHR1, guard cell hydrogen peroxide-resistant1HAB1, homology to ABI1HRB1, hypersensitive to red and blue 1HXK, hexokinaseIHC, immunohistochemistryKAT1, K+ channel in A. thaliana 1LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometryMAP4K, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinaseMPK, mitogen-activated protein kinaseMeJA, methyl jasmonateNO, nitric oxideOST1, open stomata 1PA, phosphatidic acidPHO1, phosphate1PP1, protein phosphatasePP7, protein phosphatasePRSL1, PP1 regulatory subunit2-like protein1PTPases, protein tyrosine phosphatasesQUAC1, quickly-activating anion channel 1RBOH, respiratory burst oxidase homologROSROS, reactive oxygen speciesSLAC1, slow anion channel-associated 1SnRK2.6, sucrose nonfermenting-1 (Snf1)-related protein kinase 2.6blue lightguard cell, ion channelkinasephosphataseprotein phosphorylation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Signaling
  • Molecular Plant Physiology

Background:

  • Guard cells regulate stomatal movement, essential for plant responses to environmental cues.
  • Early research focused on ion channels and transporters in guard cell signaling.
  • Genetic studies revealed roles of kinases and phosphatases in guard cell ion channel regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical role of protein phosphorylation in ABA-induced stomatal closure.
  • To review the critical role of protein phosphorylation in blue light-induced stomatal opening.
  • To highlight the involvement of protein phosphorylation in mediating cross-talk between signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genetic studies on guard cell signaling.
  • Analysis of identified proteins regulated by phosphorylation.
  • Synthesis of evidence on ABA and blue light signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Protein phosphorylation is essential for abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure.
  • Protein phosphorylation is essential for blue light-induced stomatal opening.
  • Protein phosphorylation mediates the cross-talk between different signaling pathways in guard cells.

Conclusions:

  • Protein phosphorylation is a key regulatory mechanism in guard cell function.
  • Understanding phosphorylation provides insights into plant environmental responses.
  • Phosphorylation integrates diverse signaling pathways controlling stomatal dynamics.