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Tenascin-C: Form versus function
1a Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics; Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences ; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology; University of Oxford ; Oxford , UK.
Cell Adhesion & Migration
|December 9, 2014
Abstract:
Tenascin-C is a large, multimodular, extracellular matrix glycoprotein that exhibits a very restricted pattern of expression but an enormously diverse range of functions. Here, we discuss the importance of deciphering the expression pattern of, and effects mediated by, different forms of this molecule in order to fully understand tenascin-C biology. We focus on both post transcriptional and post translational events such as splicing, glycosylation, assembly into a 3D matrix and proteolytic cleavage, highlighting how these modifications are key to defining tenascin-C function.
Keywords:
AD1/AD2, additional domain 1/ additional domain 2ADAMTS, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifsASMCs, aortic smooth muscle cellsBDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factorBHKs, baby hamster kidney cellsBMP, bone morphogenetic proteinCA19–9, carbohydrate antigen 19–9CALEB, chicken acidic leucine-rich EGF-like domain containing brain proteinCEA, carcinoembryonic antigenCNS, central nervous systemCRC, colorectal carcinomasCTGF, connective tissue growth factorDCIS, ductal carcinoma in-situECM, extracellular matrixEDA-FN, extra domain A containing fibronectinEDB-FN, extra domain B containing fibronectinEGF-L, epidermal growth factor-likeEGF-R, epidermal growth factor receptorELISPOT, enzyme-linked immunospot assayFBG, fibrinogen-like globeFGF2, fibroblast growth factor 2FGF4, fibroblast growth factor 4FN, fibronectinFNIII, fibronectin type III-like repeatGMEM, glioma-mesenchymal extracellular matrix antigenGPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositolHB-EGF, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factorHCEs, immortalized human corneal epithelial cell lineHGF, hepatocyte growth factorHNK-1, human natural killer-1HSPGs, heparan sulfate proteoglycansHUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cellsICC, immunocytochemistryIF, immunofluorescenceIFNγ, interferon gammaIGF, insulin-like growth factorIGF-BP, insulin-like growth factor-binding proteinIHC, immunohistochemistryIL, interleukinISH, in situ hybridizationLPS, lipopolysaccharideMMP, matrix metalloproteinaseMPNSTs, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumorsMr, molecular massNB, northern blotNF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cellsNK, natural killer cellsNSCLC, non-small cell lung carcinomaNSCs, neural stem cellsNT, neurotrophinPAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patternsPDGF, platelet derived growth factorPDGF-Rβ, platelet derived growth factor receptor βPIGF, phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class F proteinPLCγ, phospholipase-C gammaPNS, peripheral nervous systemPTPRζ1, receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zetaRA, rheumatoid arthritisRCC, renal cell carcinomaRD, rhabdomyosarcomaRGD, arginylglycylaspartic acidRT-PCR, real-time polymerase chain reactionSB, Southern blotSCC, squamous cell carcinomaSMCs, smooth muscle cellsSVZ, sub-ventricular zoneTA, tenascin assembly domainTGFβ, transforming growth factor βTIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinasesTLR4, toll-like receptor 4TNFα, tumor necrosis factor αTSS, transcription start siteUBC, urothelial bladder cancerUCC, urothelial cell carcinomaVEGF, vascular endothelial growth factorVSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cellsVZ, ventricular zoneWB, immunoblot/ western blotbFGF, basic fibroblast growth factorbiosynthesisc, chargedcancerccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinomachRCC, chromophobe-primary renal cell carcinomadevelopmentglycosylationmAb, monoclonal antibodymatrix assemblymitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPKpHo, extracellular pHpRCC, papillary renal cell carcinomaproteolytic cleavagesiRNA, small interfering RNAsplicingtenascin-Ctherapeuticstranscription
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