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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
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Introduction to Horizontal Curves01:19

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Horizontal curves are essential in highway and railroad design, ensuring smooth and safe transitions between straight path segments, or tangents. These curves allow vehicles to maintain speed without abrupt changes, minimizing accidents and improving travel efficiency.A horizontal curve is typically defined by its geometric relationship to two tangents that meet at an intersection point (P.I.), where a simple curve is introduced to connect them. The back tangent refers to the initial tangent...
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Introduction to Vertical Curves01:24

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Vertical curves are parabolic transitions that connect different grades on highways and railroads, ensuring a smooth alignment between back and forward tangents. The back tangent represents the initial grade, while the forward tangent defines the subsequent grade. These curves can be symmetrical, with equal tangent lengths, or nonsymmetrical, with varying lengths. The key points defining a vertical curve include the Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.), where the tangents meet; the Point of...
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Horizontal Curve: Problem Solving01:03

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A horizontal curve is characterized by its radius, intersection angle, and stationing of key points. In this case, the radius is 400 meters, and the angle of intersection is 30 degrees, with the station of the point of curvature (P.C.) at 0 + 150 meters. The goal is to determine the station values at the point of intersection (P.I.), point of tangency (P.T.), and midpoint of the curve, as well as the length of the long chord.The process begins with calculating the tangent distance (T) and the...
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Purposive Learning01:22

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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Cognitive Learning01:21

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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Utilizing a 3D Printed Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication Model to Shorten a Resident's Learning Curve
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Learning curve.

Sharon Hudson1

  • 1Birmingham St Mary's Hospice.

Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
|December 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Palliative care nurses manage complex patient needs, addressing physical symptoms like pain and breathlessness, alongside crucial psychological and spiritual concerns for holistic patient well-being.

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Care Nursing
  • Symptom Management
  • Holistic Patient Care

Background:

  • Palliative care addresses complex needs of patients and families facing serious illness.
  • Clinical nurse specialists play a vital role in hospice settings.
  • Effective management of physical, psychological, and spiritual symptoms is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the multifaceted role of a palliative care clinical nurse specialist.
  • To highlight the comprehensive symptom management provided in hospice care.
  • To emphasize the importance of addressing psychological and spiritual concerns.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical practice observation and case description.
  • Symptom assessment and management strategies.
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration in patient care.

Main Results:

  • Nurses effectively manage diverse physical symptoms including pain, nausea, and breathlessness.
  • Psychological and spiritual distress are identified and addressed.
  • Integrated care plans are developed for patients and families.

Conclusions:

  • Palliative care clinical nurse specialists provide essential, holistic care.
  • Comprehensive symptom management improves patient quality of life.
  • Addressing the full spectrum of patient needs is a hallmark of effective palliative care.