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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
David Robla-Costales1, Javier Robla-Costales2, Mariano Socolovsky3
1Servicio de Cirugía Plástica, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, España.
Facial palsy can cause irreversible paralysis, impacting patients aesthetically and psychologically. This review details reconstructive techniques, their indications, and optimal timing for improved patient outcomes.
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