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Dietary effects on human gut microbiome diversity
1Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado,Boulder,CO,USA.
The British Journal of Nutrition
|December 16, 2014
Summary
The human gut microbiome is diverse and varies significantly across populations and age groups. Long-term diet profoundly impacts gut microbes, though short-term interventions show limited success in treating conditions like obesity.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Human Ecology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem influenced by host and environmental factors.
- Microbiome studies reveal significant diversity and variability across different populations and age groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize recent advances in human gut microbiome research.
- To highlight the impact of diet and other factors on gut microbial composition and function.
Main Methods:
- Review of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on Western and non-Western populations.
- Analysis of research on dietary interventions and their effects on the gut microbiome.
Main Results:
- Long-term diet is the most significant exogenous factor affecting the gut microbiome.
- While the gut microbiome can change with diet, it exhibits resilience, making short-term interventions less effective for obesity and malnutrition.
- Considerable diversity and variability exist in the human gut microbiome.
Conclusions:
- Understanding gut microbiome dynamics is crucial for diagnosing and treating microbiome-associated diseases.
- Dietary interventions need to consider the resilience of the gut microbiome for effective treatment outcomes.
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