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Observations of experimentally induced quail bronchitis
1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
Avian Diseases
|July 1, 1989
Summary
Quail bronchitis virus experimentally reproduced in bobwhite quails. Younger birds (1-3 weeks) experienced higher mortality and reduced body weight, while older birds (6-9 weeks) showed minimal impact.
Area of Science:
- Avian Pathology
- Virology
- Animal Science
Background:
- Quail bronchitis is a significant respiratory disease affecting bobwhite quails.
- Understanding the impact of quail bronchitis virus (QBV) on different age groups is crucial for effective disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally reproduce quail bronchitis in bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus).
- To evaluate the effects of QBV infection at different ages and inoculation routes on clinical signs, mortality, and body weight.
Main Methods:
- Bobwhite quails were inoculated with QBV (10^6 TCID50) via intratracheal, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous routes at 1, 3, 6, or 9 weeks of age.
- Clinical signs, mortality rates, body weights, and antibody responses (Group I Adenovirus) were monitored.
Main Results:
- Experimental reproduction of quail bronchitis was achieved with minimal clinical signs, including ruffled feathers and open-mouthed breathing.
- Mortality rates varied significantly by age: 7-87% for 1-3 week old birds versus 0-20% for 6-9 week old birds.
- Survivors inoculated at 3 or 6 weeks showed significantly reduced body weights compared to controls (P < 0.05).
- Antibodies to Group I Adenovirus were detected in 87.5% of surviving birds.
Conclusions:
- Age is a critical factor in the pathogenicity of quail bronchitis virus in bobwhite quails.
- Younger quails are more susceptible to severe outcomes, including mortality and reduced growth.
- Group I Adenovirus antibodies indicate a potential cross-reactivity or co-infection, warranting further investigation.