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Rumination and implicit avoidance following bereavement: an approach avoidance task investigation.

Maarten C Eisma1, Mike Rinck2, Margaret S Stroebe3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rumination after loss may be a way to avoid confronting grief. This study found that higher rumination correlated with avoiding loss-related stimuli, supporting the Rumination as Avoidance Hypothesis (RAH).

Keywords:
Approach avoidance taskAvoidanceProlonged griefRuminationWorry

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Bereavement Studies
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Background:

  • Rumination is a known risk factor in adjusting to bereavement.
  • The Rumination as Avoidance Hypothesis (RAH) proposes that rumination helps individuals avoid the reality of loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the Rumination as Avoidance Hypothesis (RAH) by examining the association between rumination and implicit loss avoidance.
  • Investigate if individuals who ruminate more exhibit greater avoidance of loss-related stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an Approach Avoidance Task (AAT) with 71 recently bereaved individuals to assess automatic behavioral tendencies.
  • Participants used a joystick to move stimuli (loss-related, ambiguous, or non-loss-related) towards or away from themselves.

Main Results:

  • Higher levels of rumination were associated with faster pushing away of loss stimuli and slower pulling towards oneself.
  • This association between rumination and implicit loss avoidance remained significant after controlling for depression and PTSD symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the Rumination as Avoidance Hypothesis (RAH), indicating rumination is linked to avoiding the reality of loss.
  • Suggests that exposure-based therapies may be effective in reducing rumination and psychopathology associated with prolonged grief.