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Deciphering the roles of the constitutive androstane receptor in energy metabolism

Jiong Yan1, Baian Chen2, Jing Lu2

  • 1Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
|December 16, 2014
PubMed

Insights

The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) protects the liver and impacts energy metabolism. Understanding CAR

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Molecular Biology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a nuclear receptor primarily known for its role in xenobiotic detoxification.
  • CAR activation leads to the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, protecting the liver from toxic insults.
  • Emerging evidence highlights CAR's involvement in regulating energy metabolism, indicating potential therapeutic applications for metabolic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of CAR's role in energy metabolism.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which CAR influences glucose and lipid metabolism.
  • To explore the regulation of CAR activity, including nuclear translocation and interactions with other factors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CAR function in liver and metabolism.
  • Analysis of research on CAR's upstream modulators and signaling pathways.
  • Examination of CAR's crosstalk with other transcriptional factors.

Main Results:

  • CAR plays a dual role in xenobiotic detoxification and energy homeostasis.
  • CAR regulates key enzymes and transporters involved in glucose and lipid metabolism.
  • CAR activity is modulated by various upstream factors and interacts with other transcription factors.

Conclusions:

  • CAR is a critical regulator of both detoxification and energy metabolism.
  • Targeting CAR offers potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes and obesity.
  • Further research into CAR mechanisms is essential for optimizing its therapeutic use and minimizing side effects.

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