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Glucagonoma-induced acute heart failure.

Kun Zhang1, Lukas J Lehner2, Damaris Praeger1

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Glucagon-producing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can cause acute heart failure. Intravenous octreotide effectively treated the heart failure, and cardiac function should be monitored in all NET patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) encompass diverse neoplasms.
  • Carcinoid syndrome, from serotonin-producing NETs, is linked to right ventricular heart failure.
  • The cardiac impact of other NET subtypes, like glucagonomas, remains largely unestablished.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of acute heart failure secondary to a glucagon-producing pancreatic NET.
  • To highlight the efficacy of octreotide in managing glucagonoma-induced heart failure.
  • To emphasize the importance of cardiac monitoring in all NET patients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 51-year-old patient with a glucagon-producing pancreatic NET.
  • Clinical presentation of acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock.
  • Treatment with intravenous octreotide and monitoring of tumor marker Chromogranin A.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock.
  • Intravenous octreotide administration led to regression of heart failure symptoms.
  • Elevated Chromogranin A levels decreased with clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Glucagonoma, a type of NET, can precipitate acute heart failure.
  • Intravenous octreotide is an effective treatment for glucagonoma-induced heart failure.
  • Routine cardiac function monitoring is recommended for all patients diagnosed with NETs.