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Microbial Biosensors01:17

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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Detection of thrombin with an aptamer-based macromolecule biosensor using bacterial ghost system.

Jiasheng Wang1, Ke Ding, Yujie Chen

  • 1Zhejiang University Team (ZJU-China) for the International Genetically Engineered Machine Competition (iGEM), ‡College of Life Sciences, §School of Medicine, ∥Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ⊥College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, #Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.

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This study presents a novel bacterial ghost platform for rapid, on-site protein detection. Aptamer-induced scaffold dimerization enables sensitive detection of thrombin using fluorescence or enzyme activity on test strips.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biosensing
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Current protein detection methods often require specialized equipment and trained personnel, limiting on-site applications.
  • There is a need for accessible and rapid diagnostic tools for detecting specific proteins in various settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, on-site protein detection platform utilizing aptamer-mediated bacterial ghost system.
  • To demonstrate the platform's capability in detecting thrombin using two distinct reporter systems.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a bacterial ghost-based platform for aptamer-induced inner-membrane scaffold dimerization.
  • Co-incubation of the platform with aptamers targeting different sites of thrombin.
  • Utilizing green fluorescence and beta-lactamase activity as detection readouts.

Main Results:

  • Successful aptamer-induced dimerization of bacterial inner-membrane scaffolds was achieved.
  • Two distinct detection designs yielded measurable signals: green fluorescence and beta-lactamase activity.
  • Beta-lactamase activity was quantifiable using commercially available testing strips, indicating a practical detection method.

Conclusions:

  • The bacterial ghost system offers a versatile platform for rapid, on-site exogenous protein detection.
  • Aptamer-based scaffold dimerization provides a sensitive mechanism for protein quantification.
  • The enzyme activity readout is compatible with simple, field-deployable testing strips, enhancing accessibility.