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Portal vein thrombosis: what is new?
María Del Carmen Manzano-Robleda1, Beatriz Barranco-Fragoso2, Misael Uribe1
1Liver Research Unit. Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation. Mexico City, Mexico.
Annals of Hepatology
|December 24, 2014
Summary
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common liver vascular disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing complications like portal hypertension and varices, especially in patients with underlying liver disease.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Vascular Medicine
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a prevalent liver vascular disorder with significant morbidity and mortality.
- Global prevalence is 1%, but can reach 26% in specific risk groups.
- Common causes include cirrhosis, malignancy, infections, and myeloproliferative disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of portal vein thrombosis.
- To highlight clinical features and special considerations in specific patient populations.
- To emphasize the increasing prevalence and importance of investigating thrombophilic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of large cohort studies and clinical data.
- Diagnostic imaging, primarily Doppler ultrasonography.
- Classification based on time of development, localization, pathophysiology, and evolution.
Main Results:
- PVT leads to portal hypertension, splenomegaly, and varices.
- Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques.
- Treatment aims to restore venous patency and manage complications like variceal bleeding.
Conclusions:
- PVT is the most common cause of liver vascular disease, with increasing prevalence.
- Investigation for thrombophilic conditions is recommended for all patients.
- Anticoagulation prophylaxis should be considered in patients with cirrhosis.
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