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Plasma-sprayed titanium coating to polyetheretherketone improves the bone-implant interface.

William R Walsh1, Nicky Bertollo1, Chrisopher Christou1

  • 1Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Level 1 Clinical Science Building, Avoca Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia, 2031.

The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
|December 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Plasma-sprayed titanium coating on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants significantly enhances bone fixation. This coating improves both mechanical strength and direct bone contact, overcoming PEEK's limitations for better implant efficacy.

Keywords:
Animal modelBone ongrowthImplant fixationPEEKShear strengthTitanium coating

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Implantology

Background:

  • Achieving rapid and stable bone-implant fixation is crucial for clinical success.
  • Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) offers advantageous mechanical properties for implants but is limited by its hydrophobicity and poor bone integration.
  • Enhancing bone-to-implant contact is a key goal for improving implant performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of plasma-sprayed titanium coating on PEEK implants.
  • To assess the mechanical and histological outcomes at the bone-implant interface.
  • To determine if titanium coating improves bone integration with PEEK.

Main Methods:

  • A preclinical ovine model was utilized for the study.
  • Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and plasma-sprayed titanium-coated PEEK implants were placed in cortical and cancellous bone.
  • Shear strength was measured at 4 and 12 weeks; histology was performed at both time points.

Main Results:

  • Titanium coating significantly increased shear strength at the bone-implant interface compared to PEEK alone.
  • The improvement in shear strength was sustained and increased over the 12-week study period.
  • Direct bone ongrowth was observed on titanium-coated PEEK in both cancellous and cortical bone sites.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma-sprayed titanium coating enables direct bone-to-implant bonding on hydrophobic PEEK materials.
  • The titanium coating enhances mechanical properties in cortical bone sites.
  • Histological analysis confirmed improved bone integration in both cortical and cancellous bone with the coated implants.