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On the Preparation and Testing of Fuel Cell Catalysts Using the Thin Film Rotating Disk Electrode Method

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Published on: March 16, 2018

A microfluidic direct formate fuel cell on paper.

Thomas S Copenhaver¹, Krutarth H Purohit¹, Kryls Domalaon²

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA.

Electrophoresis

|December 30, 2014

Summary

Researchers developed the first paper-based microfluidic fuel cell (MFC) using formate and hydrogen peroxide. This novel formate fuel cell operates without continuous pumping, offering potential for portable diagnostic devices.

Keywords:

Electrochemical sensor Formate oxidation Microfluidic fuel cell Paper microfluidics Point-of-care diagnostic devices

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Microfluidics
Materials Science

Background:

Traditional membrane-less microfluidic fuel cells (MFCs) require external pumps, consuming generated power to maintain reactant flow and prevent mixing.
Paper microfluidics offers an alternative flow mechanism driven by capillary action, inherently minimizing reactant stream mixing.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the first direct formate fuel cell (FFC) on a paper microfluidic platform.
To investigate the performance and operational characteristics of this novel paper-based FFC.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a paper microfluidic device utilizing formate as the anode fuel and hydrogen peroxide as the cathode oxidant.
Characterization of the fuel cell's performance, including power density, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current.
Evaluation of the fuel cell's operation without continuous electrolyte flow.

Main Results:

Achieved a maximum power density of nearly 2.5 mW/mg Pd.
Demonstrated an open-circuit voltage exceeding 1 V in series configuration and a short-circuit current of 20 mA in parallel configuration.
Showcased power generation for 15 minutes after pre-saturation and cessation of electrolyte flow, reaching approximately 0.5 V.

Conclusions:

The developed paper microfluidic formate fuel cell eliminates the need for external pumping, simplifying device design and reducing power consumption.
This technology holds significant potential for applications in low-power, portable electrochemical sensors and point-of-care diagnostic devices.
The ability to operate without continuous flow enhances the practicality and versatility of paper-based fuel cells.