Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
03:49
Evaluating Flight Performance and Eye Movement Patterns Using Virtual Reality Flight Simulator
Published on: May 19, 2023
1.5K
Virtually expert: modes of environmental computer simulation modeling
Catharina Landström1, Sarah J Whatmore
1School of Geography and Environment, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. catharina.landstrom@ouce.ox.ac.uk
Science in Context
|January 1, 2015
Summary
This study challenges common ideas about expertise by examining three distinct flood risk management practices in England. It reveals how different modeling approaches redistribute expertise and reshape expert-stakeholder relationships.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Sociology of Knowledge
- Risk Management
Background:
- Traditional views of expertise assume linear knowledge acquisition and alignment with institutions.
- Expertise is often seen as an individual attribute rather than a relational outcome.
- Flood risk management faces challenges in integrating diverse knowledge systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critique conventional assumptions about expertise in scientific and institutional contexts.
- To analyze how different modeling practices in flood risk management shape knowledge politics.
- To investigate the redistribution of expertise through expert-stakeholder interactions.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of three distinct expert practices: virtual engineering, mathematical experimentation, and participatory modeling.
- Empirical study of flood risk management in England.
- Focus on the articulation of models with specific politics of knowledge.
Main Results:
- Expertise is not solely derived from scientific knowledge but is shaped by specific practices and contexts.
- Virtual engineering, mathematical experimentation, and participatory modeling involve distinct knowledge politics.
- Modeling approaches can lead to a redistribution of expertise among flood risk management actors.
Conclusions:
- Challenges the linear, individualistic, and institutionally aligned view of expertise.
- Highlights the role of modeling in reconfiguring expert-stakeholder relationships and knowledge power dynamics.
- Suggests expertise is fluid, context-dependent, and can be actively redistributed.
Related Concept Videos
01:07What is a Mode?
25.1K
The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
There can be more than one mode in a data set if multiple values have the same highest frequency. For instance, suppose that the Statistics exam scores of 20 students are: 50; 53; 59; 59; 63; 63; 72; 72; 72; 72; 72; 76; 78; 81; 83; 84; 84; 84; 90; 93. Here, the mode is 72, as it occurs most frequently, five times.
A data set with two modes is called bimodal. For example,...
There can be more than one mode in a data set if multiple values have the same highest frequency. For instance, suppose that the Statistics exam scores of 20 students are: 50; 53; 59; 59; 63; 63; 72; 72; 72; 72; 72; 76; 78; 81; 83; 84; 84; 84; 90; 93. Here, the mode is 72, as it occurs most frequently, five times.
A data set with two modes is called bimodal. For example,...
25.1K
01:20Virtual Work
1.3K
The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
1.3K
01:14Ventilatory Modes
1.4K
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
1.4K
01:22MOSFET: Enhancement Mode
801
Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
801
01:04Modes of Standing Waves: II
1.6K
The starting point for expressing the modes of standing waves is understanding the boundary conditions that the waves must follow. The boundary conditions are derived from the physical understanding of how the standing waves are sustained, that is, how the vibrating particles of the medium behave at the boundaries imposed on them.
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end....
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end....
1.6K
01:03Modes of Standing Waves - I
3.9K
A close look at earthquakes provides evidence for the conditions appropriate for resonance, standing waves, and constructive and destructive interference. A building may vibrate for several seconds with a driving frequency matching the building's natural frequency of vibration; this produces a resonance that results in one building collapsing while the neighboring buildings do not. Often, buildings of a certain height are devastated, while other taller buildings remain intact. This...
3.9K