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Hemoconcentration induced by exercise: Revisiting the Dill and Costill equation
R Alis1,2, F Sanchis-Gomar1,3,4, C Primo-Carrau1
1Research Institute "Dr. Viña Giner," Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
|January 6, 2015
Summary
Estimating exercise-induced hemoconcentration is simplified. Serum calcium levels can serve as a reliable biomarker, offering a cost-effective and practical alternative to traditional methods for exercise physiology research.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Biochemistry
- Sports Science
Background:
- The Dill and Costill equation is the standard for estimating exercise-induced hemoconcentration.
- This method requires immediate analysis of whole blood, limiting its practical application.
- There is a need for alternative biomarkers to assess hemoconcentration, especially in field research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the utility of serum biochemical markers for estimating hemoconcentration after exhaustive exercise.
- To identify a more accessible and practical method for assessing exercise-induced plasma volume changes.
Main Methods:
- Fourteen healthy males underwent a 15-minute running test at 110% of anaerobic threshold speed.
- Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, post-exercise, and after 30 minutes of recovery.
- Analyzed parameters included hemoglobin, hematocrit, BNP, creatinine, GGT, total proteins, albumin, calcium, and electrolytes (K+, Na+, Cl-).
Main Results:
- Percentage increases in total proteins, albumin, GGT, and calcium significantly correlated with plasma volume loss (ΔPV) calculated by the Dill and Costill equation.
- Adjusting BNP, creatinine, and K+ concentrations using calcium percentage increments showed acceptable agreement with the Dill and Costill method.
- Serum calcium concentration emerged as a potential biomarker for hemoconcentration during high-intensity exercise.
Conclusions:
- Serum calcium concentration can be a valuable biomarker for estimating hemoconcentration in high-intensity exercise.
- This approach offers advantages over the Dill and Costill equation, including reduced costs and simplified sample handling.
- Utilizing serum calcium facilitates in-field research and allows for delayed analysis of hemoconcentration from stored samples.
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