Single electrode biosensor for simultaneous determination of interferon gamma and lysozyme

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

• Acute leukemia diagnosis requires sensitive and specific biomarker detection.
• Simultaneous analysis of multiple biomarkers can improve diagnostic accuracy.
• Existing methods for biomarker detection may lack efficiency or specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous detection of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and lysozyme (Lys).
• To utilize aptamer recognition with coupled "signal-on" and "signal-off" modes for enhanced detection.
• To provide a reliable tool for acute leukemia evaluation.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a gold electrode modified with aptamers and signaling probes (ferrocene and methylene blue).
• Electrochemical detection using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and square wave voltammetry (SWV).
• Exploitation of target-induced aptamer release leading to altered redox signals of signaling probes.

Main Results:

• The biosensor achieved simultaneous detection of IFN-γ and Lys with linear ranges of 0.01–10 nM and 0.1–100 nM, respectively.
• Detection limits were as low as 1.14×10⁻³ nM for IFN-γ and 0.0164 nM for Lys.
• The biosensor demonstrated good regeneration and successful application in practical analyses.

Conclusions:

• The developed aptamer-based biosensor offers a sensitive and simultaneous method for detecting key biomarkers in acute leukemia.
• The combined "signal-on" and "signal-off" strategy provides reliable and integrated information for clinical evaluation.
• This approach holds promise for improving the diagnosis and management of acute leukemia.