Establishing a New Benchmark in Quantum Computational Advantage with 105-qubit Zuchongzhi 3.0 Processor

Area of Science:

• Quantum Computing
• Superconducting Quantum Systems

Background:

• The quest for quantum computational advantage drives the development of advanced quantum processors.
• Achieving high operational fidelities is crucial for reliable quantum computation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce Zuchongzhi 3.0, a 105-qubit superconducting quantum computer.
• To demonstrate quantum computational advantage through complex sampling experiments.

Main Methods:

• Development of the Zuchongzhi 3.0 superconducting quantum computer prototype.
• Execution of an 83-qubit, 32-cycle random circuit sampling task.
• High-fidelity gate operations including single-qubit, two-qubit, and readout fidelity measurements.

Main Results:

• Zuchongzhi 3.0 achieved single-qubit, two-qubit, and readout fidelities of 99.90%, 99.62%, and 99.13%, respectively.
• The system performed 1x10^6 samples of a random circuit in seconds.
• Classical simulation on Frontier supercomputer estimated to require 5.9x10^9 years, highlighting a significant quantum advantage.

Conclusions:

• Zuchongzhi 3.0 establishes a new benchmark for quantum computational advantage, surpassing previous experiments by 6 orders of magnitude in classical simulation cost.
• This advancement signifies a major step towards utilizing quantum processors for complex real-world problems.