Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Measurement of Differentially Methylated INS DNA Species in Human Serum Samples as a Biomarker of Islet β Cell Death
10:34

Measurement of Differentially Methylated INS DNA Species in Human Serum Samples as a Biomarker of Islet β Cell Death

Published on: December 21, 2016

6.9K

Low thiamine levels in children with type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis: a pilot study

Elizabeth A Rosner1, Kenneth D Strezlecki, Jeff A Clark

  • 11Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI. 2Medical Accreditation, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Detroit, MI. 3Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
|January 7, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Thiamine deficiency is common in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This deficiency may worsen with insulin treatment, suggesting it should be considered when metabolic acidosis persists.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Neuroscience
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Thiamine deficiency is linked to encephalopathy in various conditions.
  • Encephalopathy is a serious symptom of cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
  • Limited data exist on thiamine status in pediatric DKA patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of thiamine deficiency in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus presenting with DKA.
  • To assess thiamine status in pediatric patients admitted to the ICU for DKA treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational pilot study conducted in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
  • Enrolled children aged 2-18 years admitted for DKA treatment.
  • Monitored thiamine levels before and after insulin therapy.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-two patients were enrolled; 23.8% had thiamine deficiency at presentation.
  • After 8 hours of insulin therapy, 35% of patients showed thiamine deficiency.
  • A significant decrease in thiamine levels was observed in 68% of patients post-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Thiamine deficiency is prevalent in pediatric DKA and may be exacerbated by treatment.
  • Consider thiamine deficiency in persistent metabolic acidosis despite DKA management.
  • Further investigation into thiamine's role in pediatric DKA is warranted.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

11.5K
A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-1906:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

3.4K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction01:25

Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction

DefinitionDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by a triad of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >250 mg/dL), ketonemia or ketonuria, and metabolic acidosis (arterial pH <7.30 and serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L). It results from insulin deficiency combined with elevated levels of counterregulatory hormones—glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone—leading to increased lipolysis, hepatic...
4
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a metabolic emergency characterized by hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. It results from severe insulin deficiency and an excess of counterregulatory hormones, leading to uncontrolled lipolysis, ketogenesis, and widespread electrolyte and fluid disturbances.Pathophysiology The central event in DKA is a profound loss of insulin action. Without insulin, glucose uptake in insulin-dependent tissues is impaired, while hepatic glucose production...
1
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the...
9
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus01:22

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...
6
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1...
1
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
5.9K