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[Serotype diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae]

N A Maianskiĭ, N M Aliab'eva, A V Lazareva

    Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk
    |January 8, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines (PCV) significantly reduce invasive pneumococcal disease and carriage. This review examines serotype prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and PCV

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Epidemiology

    Context:

    • Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a leading cause of bacterial infections, particularly in young children.
    • High incidence of pneumococcal infections is compounded by increasing antibiotic resistance, linked to misuse and resistant clone emergence.
    • Pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines (PCV) target specific serotypes, inducing protective antibodies.

    Purpose:

    • To review current literature on pneumococcal serotype prevalence.
    • To assess antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
    • To evaluate the impact of PCV on pneumococcal evolution, including serotype replacement and resistance.

    Summary:

    • PCV introduction has demonstrably reduced invasive pneumococcal disease and vaccine-type pneumococcal carriage globally since the early 2000s.
    • The article focuses on the Russian national immunization program's inclusion of PCV in 2014.
    • Current literature on serotype prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and PCV's evolutionary influence on pneumococcus is reviewed.

    Impact:

    • PCV vaccination has substantially decreased the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and carriage of vaccine-type pneumococci.
    • Understanding PCV's effect on pneumococcal evolution is crucial for public health strategies and vaccine development.
    • The review provides insights into the ongoing battle against antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

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