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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
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Using the yes/no recognition response pattern to detect memory malingering.

Sebastian Schindler1, Johanna Kissler2, Klaus-Peter Kühl3

  • 1Abteilung Psychologie, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany ; Fachbereich Psychologie, Universität Konstanz, Constance, Germany.

BMC Psychology
|January 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malingering memory deficits can be detected by an increased rate of false negatives on recognition tests. This method offers an efficient and discreet way to screen for memory malingering in neuropsychological assessments.

Keywords:
AssessmentDementiaDepressionFeigningLearning and memoryMalingering/symptom validity testing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Forensic Psychology

Background:

  • Detecting feigned neurocognitive deficits presents a significant challenge in neuropsychological assessments.
  • Malingering, or the fabrication of symptoms for external gain, requires robust detection methods.
  • Yes/no recognition testing is a common tool, but its efficacy in identifying malingering needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if memory malingering is characterized by an elevated proportion of false negatives during yes/no recognition testing.
  • To determine if this elevated false negative rate can serve as a useful measure for assessing malingering.
  • To compare the effectiveness of yes/no recognition testing with established malingering detection tools.

Main Methods:

  • Study 1: Assessed 51 compensation-seeking individuals with mental disorders, 51 with affective disorders, and 13 with dementia, categorizing claimants by suspected malingering using the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM).
  • Study 2: Instructed non-clinical participants to either malinger memory deficits or perform normally.
  • Utilized yes/no recognition testing and the TOMM for malingering detection.

Main Results:

  • Suspected malingerers in Study 1 exhibited significantly more false negative responses on recognition tests compared to other groups.
  • False negative responding correlated with measures of deception on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).
  • In Study 2, false negative rates accurately predicted group membership, comparable to the TOMM, with combined measures yielding the best classification.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated false negative responses on yes/no recognition tests are indicative of memory malingering strategies.
  • This finding differentiates malingerers from individuals with dementia or affective disorders.
  • False negative response rates represent an efficient and inconspicuous screening measure for memory malingering.