Report on personality and adherence to antibiotic therapy: a population-based study

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology and Behavioral Science
• Infectious Diseases
• Psychology

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat, making infections harder to treat.
• Proper adherence to antibiotic therapy is crucial for preventing AMR.
• Personality traits may influence patient adherence, but research on short-term antibiotic courses is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the relationship between personality traits and adherence to antibiotic therapy for common infections.
• To identify personality factors associated with non-adherence to short-term antibiotic treatments.

Main Methods:

• A population-based study involving 445 respondents.
• Utilized the Five-factor Inventory (FFI) and Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS).
• Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlations, and regression models.

Main Results:

• Non-adherence rate was estimated at 9.4%, with feeling healthy and side-effects as primary reasons for premature discontinuation.
• Lower scores in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were observed in non-adherent individuals.
• Higher Agreeableness reduced the risk of non-adherence; Neuroticism was a negative predictor, while Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were positive predictors of adherence.

Conclusions:

• Interventions should educate patients on completing antibiotic courses and managing side-effects.
• Personality traits influence adherence to short-term antibiotic treatments, not just long-term chronic disease medications.
• Further research is recommended to understand personality's role in antibiotic adherence.