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Pulse count modulation based biphasic current stimulator for retinal prosthesis and in vitro experiment using rd1

Sungjin Oh, Jae-Hyun Ahn, Jongyoon Shin

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |January 9, 2015
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    Summary

    This study introduces pulse count modulation for retinal prostheses, enhancing spatial resolution. This method improves charge delivery control by adjusting pulse numbers, unlike traditional amplitude modulation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Neuroscience
    • Electrical Engineering

    Background:

    • Retinal prostheses stimulate retinal nerve cells using electrical current pulses.
    • Amplitude modulation of current pulses is common but limits spatial resolution due to neural response spread.
    • Achieving high spatial resolution is crucial for effective visual restoration in retinal prostheses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel biphasic current stimulator integrated circuit (IC) for retinal prostheses.
    • To introduce and evaluate a new modulation method, pulse count modulation, for controlling charge injection.
    • To compare the spatial resolution of pulse count modulation with traditional amplitude modulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a biphasic current stimulator IC using 0.35 μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCDMOS) technology.
    • Implementation of pulse count modulation, where fixed-amplitude, fixed-width pulses are delivered based on count within a period.
    • In vitro experimental evaluation using rd 1 mice to assess stimulator performance and spatial resolution.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed stimulator IC successfully operates using pulse count modulation.
    • Pulse count modulation allows control of injected charge by varying the number of current pulses.
    • Experimental results demonstrate higher spatial resolution compared to amplitude modulation methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Pulse count modulation offers a viable alternative for charge control in retinal prostheses.
    • This new method significantly improves spatial resolution, a key factor for visual acuity.
    • The developed BCDMOS stimulator IC shows promise for advanced retinal prosthesis applications.