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Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Saffold cardiovirus in China from 2009 to 2012

Xiao-Ai Zhang1, Qing-Bin Lu2, Ying Wo1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100071, Beijing, P. R. China.

Scientific Reports
|January 10, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Saffold cardiovirus (SAFV) is linked to hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Chinese children, with four genotypes identified. SAFV infection presents a broad clinical spectrum, including severe outcomes and neurological issues in HFMD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Saffold cardiovirus (SAFV) epidemiology and clinical manifestations require further elucidation.
  • Understanding SAFV's role in pediatric illnesses is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of SAFV infections in Chinese pediatric patients.
  • To identify SAFV genotypes and their association with specific clinical syndromes, particularly hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic investigation of three pediatric cohorts (respiratory infections, diarrhea, HFMD) from 2009-2012.
  • RT-PCR and VP1 gene sequencing for SAFV detection and genotyping.
  • Statistical analysis to compare detection rates and clinical outcomes across cohorts.

Main Results:

  • SAFV was detected in 1.6% of 6052 pediatric patients, with a significantly higher prevalence in HFMD cases (P <0.001).
  • Four SAFV genotypes (SAFV-1, -2, -3, -6) were identified, showing distinct geographical clustering.
  • SAFV-positive HFMD patients exhibited more severe clinical outcomes and neurological manifestations, including encephalitis.

Conclusions:

  • SAFV infection is associated with a wide clinical spectrum in children and is a significant contributor to HFMD.
  • Different SAFV genotypes have distinct epidemiological patterns and clinical associations.
  • SAFV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric febrile illnesses, especially HFMD and associated neurological complications.

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