Macular function and morphology in acute retinal pigment epithelitis

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Retinal Diseases
• Medical Retina

Background:

• Acute retinal pigment epithelitis is an uncommon inflammatory condition affecting the retinal pigment epithelium.
• It often presents with sudden onset of visual disturbances, particularly in young adults.
• A preceding viral prodrome is frequently reported in patients.

Observation:

• A 20-year-old male presented with acute, unilateral vision loss.
• Fundus examination revealed a macular lesion with yellowish spots and hyperautofluorescence.
• Multifocal electroretinogram showed reduced central amplitudes, indicating impaired retinal function.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with acute retinal pigment epithelitis following a recent rhinopharyngitis.
• Best-corrected visual acuity improved from 20/200 to 20/20 within four weeks.
• Multifocal electroretinogram amplitudes normalized, with only minor residual pigmentary changes observed.

Implications:

• Acute retinal pigment epithelitis can cause significant but often temporary vision impairment.
• Prompt diagnosis and monitoring are crucial for managing this condition.
• The favorable visual prognosis suggests effective natural resolution or response to supportive care.