Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 18, 2026
22:27
Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.
Published on: May 6, 2010
412.5K
The origin of CDR H3 structural diversity
Brian D Weitzner1, Roland L Dunbrack2, Jeffrey J Gray3
1Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Structure (London, England : 1993)
|January 13, 2015
Summary
The antibody's H3 loop kink, previously unclassified, is common in other proteins. This structural feature disrupts beta-strand pairing, driving H3 loop diversity in adaptive immunity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Structural Biology
- Protein Science
Background:
- Antibody complementarity determining region (CDR) H3 loops are crucial for adaptive immunity.
- Unlike other CDR loops, H3 loop conformations are unclassifiable, often featuring a C-terminal kink.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the prevalence and function of the H3 loop kink in antibodies.
- Determine if similar loop structures exist in non-antibody proteins.
Main Methods:
- Searched 15,679 non-antibody protein structures for geometric similarity to antibody H3 loop regions, including the kink.
- Identified and analyzed H3-like loops across various protein families.
Main Results:
- Discovered 1,030 H3-like loops in 632 protein families, with some, like PDZ domains, utilizing these regions for binding.
- The H3 loop kink was found to disrupt beta-strand pairing at the loop's base.
Conclusions:
- The H3 loop kink is conserved in immunoglobulin heavy chain folds due to its role in disrupting beta-strand pairing.
- This kink is a key factor driving the structural diversity observed in CDR H3 loops, impacting adaptive immunological functions.
More Related Videos
09:32Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C
Published on: October 14, 2022
4.9K
07:26High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
Published on: July 18, 2017
12.4K
Related Concept Videos
01:25Structure of Cadherins
5.3K
The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins” is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
5.3K
02:34Structural Isomerism
22.6K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly,...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly,...
22.6K
02:37Gene Duplication and Divergence
8.3K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
8.3K
02:30Histone Variants at the Centromere
5.3K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
5.3K
01:23RNA Structure
82.3K
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
82.3K
01:19RNA Structure
8.6K
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
8.6K