Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

2.2K
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
2.2K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.6K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and...
21.6K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

22.6K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly,...
22.6K
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

20.2K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
20.2K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

21.7K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
21.7K
Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

129
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
129

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame Topic

Electronic and steric control of phase changes caused by methylamine insertion into copper paddlewheel metal-organic frameworks.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Toward Hydrogen Isotope Separations through Strong Hydrogen Adsorption at Open Copper(I) Sites in an Ultramicroporous Metal-Organic Framework.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Single-Crystalline Twelve-Connected Nanographene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

An International Laboratory Comparison Study on Approximating the Enthalpy of Adsorption via the Clausius-Clapeyron Approach.

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry·2026
Same author

Synthesis of Highly Crystalline Covalent Organic Frameworks Using Large Language Models.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Discovery of Stacking Heterogeneity, Layer Buckling, and Residual Water in COF-999-NH<sub>2</sub> and Implications on CO<sub>2</sub> Capture.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.9K

"Heterogeneity within order" in metal-organic frameworks.

Hiroyasu Furukawa1, Ulrich Müller, Omar M Yaghi

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 (USA), (O.M.Y.); King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442 (Saudi Arabia). furukawa@berkeley.edu.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|January 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review explores strategies for creating heterogeneous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with multiple building units while maintaining crystalline order. These advanced MOFs mimic biological systems and offer tunable properties for various applications.

Keywords:
defectsheterogeneityindustrial chemistrymetal-organic frameworkssecondary building units

More Related Videos

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs

Published on: January 17, 2020

7.9K
Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

49.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.9K
Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs

Published on: January 17, 2020

7.9K
Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

49.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials formed by linking metal ions or clusters with organic molecules.
  • Most reported MOFs consist of limited, uniform building units, lacking the complexity found in natural systems.
  • Introducing multiple, different building units (heterogeneity) into MOFs without losing structural order is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline strategies for incorporating heterogeneity into MOFs.
  • To highlight the impact of heterogeneity on MOF properties.
  • To provide an update on the MOF industry.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MOF synthesis and design.
  • Categorization of strategies for introducing heterogeneity in MOF backbones and pores.
  • Analysis of structure-property relationships in heterogeneous MOFs.

Main Results:

  • Several strategies exist for creating heterogeneous MOFs, involving variations in both structural components and pore environments.
  • Heterogeneity can significantly enhance MOF properties, such as catalytic activity, gas adsorption, and sensing capabilities.
  • The development of heterogeneous MOFs represents a significant advancement towards mimicking biological complexity in synthetic materials.

Conclusions:

  • Strategies for controlled heterogeneity in MOFs are crucial for unlocking new functionalities.
  • Heterogeneous MOFs offer a promising platform for advanced applications by bridging the gap between synthetic materials and biological systems.
  • The field of MOFs is rapidly evolving, with significant industrial interest and development, as highlighted by the BASF 150th anniversary context.