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Related Concept Videos

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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The nurse documents nursing diagnoses and enters them into the patient record. The identified patient's nursing diagnosis is either written out with a plan of care or entered into the electronic health record.
In some settings, data-driven computerized decision support systems are in place, allowing for more accurate nursing diagnoses. The database within one of these systems includes diagnostic labels defining characteristics, activities, and indicators for nursing. A nurse enters...
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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

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Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins...
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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Migraine is underdiagnosed and undertreated.

Sarah Miller1, Manjit S Matharu

  • 1National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.

The Practitioner
|January 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Migraine management involves addressing acute painkiller overuse and encouraging regular lifestyle habits. Early treatment with medications like NSAIDs or triptans, alongside anti-emetics, is recommended for effective migraine relief.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Migraine is a prevalent neurovascular disorder causing severe head pain, nausea, and sensory sensitivity.
  • Attacks typically last 4-72 hours, with some patients experiencing aura.
  • Medication overuse can lead to escalating attacks or chronic daily headaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding and management strategies for migraine.
  • To highlight the risks of medication overuse headache.
  • To provide guidance on initiating preventative migraine therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical characteristics and common treatment approaches for migraine.
  • Emphasis on enquiring about acute painkiller use and suspecting medication overuse headache.

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  • Discussion of lifestyle modifications and NICE guideline recommendations for stepped-down management.

    • Main Results:

    • Acute treatment may involve triptans, NSAIDs, paracetamol, and anti-emetics, taken early in the headache phase.
    • Regular habits (sleep, exercise, meals) can reduce headache frequency.
    • Preventative treatment decisions are based on attack frequency, severity, duration, and response to abortive therapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective migraine management requires careful assessment of medication use and lifestyle factors.
    • A stepped-down approach combining acute and preventative therapies, guided by patient-specific factors, is recommended.
    • Addressing medication overuse headache is crucial for improving patient outcomes in migraineurs.