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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

Measuring intraocular pressure.

Kingsley C Okafor¹, James D Brandt

¹Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, California, USA.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

|January 17, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New tonometry technologies offer alternatives to Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), but no single device is perfect. Clinicians must weigh accuracy, cost, and convenience when measuring intraocular pressure (IOP).

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Device Technology
Glaucoma Research

Background:

Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), a 50-year-old standard, faces limitations and confounders in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement.
Tonometry is experiencing significant advancements, with new technologies emerging for clinical evaluation and practice.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and compare the established Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) with newer tonometry technologies.
To evaluate the clinical utility and limitations of emerging IOP measurement devices.

Main Methods:

Comparative review of existing literature on Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT).
Analysis of recently commercialized and in-development tonometry technologies, including dynamic contour tonometry, rebound tonometry, ocular response analyzer, transpalpebral tonometers, IOP-sensing contact lenses, and implantable sensors.

Main Results:

Dynamic contour tonometry is cornea-independent but requires technical skill.
Rebound tonometry is anesthetic-free and suitable for pediatric use.
Ocular response analyzer quantifies corneal biomechanics and glaucoma risk factors.
Transpalpebral tonometers show unreliability for routine use.
IOP-sensing contact lenses and implantable sensors are under clinical evaluation.

Conclusions:

No single tonometer is ideal; selection requires balancing accuracy, precision, convenience, and cost.
Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements are a snapshot and should be interpreted within the broader clinical context.
Clinicians must judiciously choose tonometry methods based on individual patient needs and available technology.