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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ionic Association

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The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

27.8K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
27.8K
Theory of Strong Electrolytes01:23

Theory of Strong Electrolytes

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The interionic forces of the strong electrolytes depend on the solvent's dielectric constant, which is the ability of a solvent to store electrical energy, based on its polarizability. and the solution's concentration. In high-dielectric solvents and in dilute solutions, weak electrostatic forces keep ions apart. However, in low-dielectric solvents or concentrated solutions, stronger interionic forces may cause ions to pair up as ionic doublets despite being fully ionized. The theory of strong...
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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An iodide-based Li7P2S8I superionic conductor.

Ezhiylmurugan Rangasamy1, Zengcai Liu, Mallory Gobet

  • 1Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel solid-state lithium-ion conductor, Li(7)P(2)S(8)I, exhibits remarkable electrochemical stability up to 10 V. This material enhances lithium-ion battery performance and enables industrial adoption through low-temperature processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-state Chemistry

Background:

  • Solid-state electrolytes are crucial for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
  • Achieving high electrochemical stability and good ionic conductivity simultaneously remains a challenge.
  • Iodine's inherent oxidation instability often limits its use in electrochemical systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel solid-state lithium-ion conductor with enhanced electrochemical stability.
  • To investigate the role of iodine incorporation in stabilizing the material and improving interfacial properties.
  • To assess the material's processability for potential industrial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Li(7)P(2)S(8)I solid-state conductor from β-Li(3)PS(4) and LiI.
  • Electrochemical stability window determination using cyclic voltammetry up to 10 V vs Li/Li(+).
  • Evaluation of interfacial properties and ionic conductivity with metallic lithium anodes.
  • Assessment of low-temperature membrane fabrication processability.

Main Results:

  • The Li(7)P(2)S(8)I conductor demonstrated excellent electrochemical stability up to 10 V vs Li/Li(+).
  • Incorporation of iodine into the coordinated structure effectively suppressed its oxidation instability.
  • The material exhibited enhanced stability with metallic lithium anodes, improved interfacial kinetics, and high ionic conductivity.
  • Facile fabrication of dense membranes was achieved via low-temperature membrane processing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Li(7)P(2)S(8)I solid-state conductor offers a promising solution for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries.
  • Stabilizing iodine through structural incorporation is a viable strategy to overcome its electrochemical limitations.
  • The material's processability and performance characteristics make it suitable for industrial-scale battery manufacturing.