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Related Concept Videos

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

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The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Infection01:20

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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Some simple nosocomial disease transmission models.

Fred Brauer1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada, brauer@math.ubc.ca.

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|January 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study models nosocomial disease transmission, like SARS, using a compartmental approach. It analyzes how heterogeneous mixing impacts disease spread and calculates key epidemiological parameters.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Mathematical Modeling
  • Infectious Disease Dynamics

Background:

  • The 2002-2003 SARS epidemic highlighted significant nosocomial (hospital-acquired) disease transmission.
  • Hospital staff and visitors are key vectors for transmitting infections within healthcare settings.
  • Existing models, such as metapopulation models, have been used to study nosocomial spread.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate and analyze a simple compartmental model for nosocomial disease transmission.
  • To investigate the impact of heterogeneous mixing on disease dynamics within hospitals.
  • To determine the basic reproduction number and the final size relation for nosocomial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a compartmental model incorporating heterogeneous mixing patterns.

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  • Mathematical analysis of the model to derive epidemiological parameters.
  • Calculation of the effective reproduction number (R0) and the final epidemic size.

    • Main Results:

    • The study provides a framework for understanding nosocomial transmission dynamics.
    • Heterogeneous mixing is shown to influence the spread and final size of infections.
    • Key parameters like the reproduction number were determined for the proposed model.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed compartmental model offers insights into hospital-acquired infections.
    • Understanding mixing patterns is crucial for controlling nosocomial disease spread.
    • The model provides a basis for evaluating intervention strategies in healthcare settings.