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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
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Severe anaphylaxis: the secret ingredient.

Andreas Buergi1, Barbara Jung, Christian Padevit

  • 1From the *Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and †Department of Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.

A & a Case Reports
|January 23, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe anaphylaxis during surgery was caused by chlorhexidine, an ingredient in common urinary lubricants. This case highlights the need to consider hidden sources of chlorhexidine when investigating severe allergic reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Chlorhexidine is a common antiseptic found in various products.
  • Its presence in urinary lubricants is often overlooked.
  • Intraoperative anaphylaxis is a rare but serious adverse event.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of severe intraoperative anaphylaxis.
  • To identify chlorhexidine in urinary lubricants as the causative agent.
  • To raise awareness about hidden chlorhexidine sources.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a healthy patient experiencing anaphylaxis.
  • Review of intraoperative medications and products used.
  • Identification of chlorhexidine in lubricant gels.

Main Results:

  • The patient experienced severe anaphylaxis during a urological procedure.
  • Chlorhexidine, present in Instillagel and Endosgel lubricants, was identified as the trigger.
  • This highlights a potential hidden source of severe allergic reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Chlorhexidine in urinary lubricants can cause severe intraoperative anaphylaxis.
  • Healthcare providers should be aware of this potential allergen.
  • Thorough investigation of all potential agents is crucial after anaphylaxis.