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Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data
Published on: October 23, 2020
A competing risks approach to "biologic" interaction
Per Kragh Andersen1, Anders Skrondal
1Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, O. Farimagsgade 5, PB2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark, pka@biostat.ku.dk.
Abstract:
In epidemiology, the concepts of "biologic" and "statistical" interactions have been the subject of extensive debate. We present a new approach to biologic interaction based on Rothman's original (Am J Epidemiol, 104:587-592, 1976) discussion of sufficient causes. We do this in a probabilistic framework using competing risks and argue that sufficient cause interaction between two factors can be evaluated via the parameters in a particular statistical model, the additive hazard rate model. We present empirical conditions for presence of sufficient cause interaction and an example based on data from a liver cirrhosis trial illustrates the ideas.
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