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Interoceptive awareness changes the posterior insula functional connectivity profile.

Esther Kuehn1, Karsten Mueller2, Gabriele Lohmann2,3

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstr. 1a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. ekuehn@cbs.mpg.de.

Brain Structure & Function
|January 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interoceptive awareness, the perception of internal body signals like heartbeats, involves altered brain signal flow. Specifically, reduced posterior-to-anterior insula connectivity in the right hemisphere facilitates heartbeat detection.

Keywords:
Body awarenessFunctional connectivityInteroceptionPlasticityResting statefMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Interoceptive awareness, the conscious perception of internal bodily signals (e.g., heartbeat), is crucial for self-awareness.
  • The right anterior insula is implicated in interoception, but the role of posterior insula and its signal flow to anterior regions remains unclear.
  • Understanding these neural pathways is key to explaining individual differences in interoceptive abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of posterior-to-anterior insula signal flow in interoceptive awareness.
  • To compare brain activity during heartbeat monitoring versus external tone monitoring in individuals with high and low interoceptive awareness.
  • To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying the perception of internal bodily signals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on 27 healthy participants.
  • Employed network centrality and bivariate connectivity analyses to examine cortical signal flows.
  • Compared brain activity during interoceptive (heartbeat monitoring) and exteroceptive (tone monitoring) tasks.

Main Results:

  • Heartbeat monitoring reduced right posterior insula network centrality and decreased functional connectivity between the right posterior and mid/anterior insula.
  • Interoceptive awareness was associated with reduced signal flow from the right posterior insula to bilateral anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortices.
  • These functional connectivity changes were observed only in individuals with high interoceptive awareness and within the low-frequency range (<0.1 Hz).

Conclusions:

  • Interoceptive awareness significantly alters intra-insula signal flow within the low-frequency range.
  • The findings suggest that selective inhibition of posterior-to-anterior insula pathway signal progression enables precise heartbeat detection.
  • This study provides novel insights into the neural basis of interoceptive awareness and individual differences therein.