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HIV and the Millennium Development Goals.

Andrew J Prendergast1, Shaffiq Essajee2, Martina Penazzato3

  • 1Centre for Paediatrics, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Significant progress has been made in preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission and expanding pediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, challenges remain in early infant diagnosis and closing the pediatric HIV treatment gap.

Keywords:
HIVTropical Paediatrics

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Area of Science:

  • Global health
  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Pediatric HIV/AIDS

Background:

  • Millennium Development Goal 6 aimed to halt and reverse HIV/AIDS spread and ensure universal treatment access.
  • In 2000, children in high-prevalence countries had limited access to HIV testing, prevention, and treatment.
  • Despite advancements, MDG 6 targets for HIV/AIDS remain largely unmet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress and challenges in achieving Millennium Development Goal 6 for HIV/AIDS.
  • To discuss strategies for pediatric HIV elimination and universal treatment access.

Main Methods:

  • Review of data on HIV testing, prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), and antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage for children and adults.
  • Analysis of trends in new HIV infections, AIDS-related mortality, and treatment access from 2000 to 2013.

Main Results:

  • New HIV infections among children decreased by 58% (2002-2013) due to expanded PMTCT services.
  • By 2013, 760,000 children were on ART, reducing AIDS-related mortality by 40%.
  • Only 24% of HIV-infected children received ART, compared to 36% of adults, highlighting a significant treatment gap.

Conclusions:

  • While PMTCT and pediatric ART have expanded, low HIV testing rates and suboptimal care limit progress.
  • Early infant diagnosis rates remain insufficient, leading to delayed ART initiation.
  • Future strategies must address these barriers to achieve pediatric HIV elimination and universal treatment access.