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Cognitive functioning in clinically stable patients with bipolar disorder I and II
Timea Sparding1, Katja Silander2, Erik Pålsson1
1Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Plos One
|January 24, 2015
Summary
Cognitive impairments are common in bipolar disorder, persisting even during stable mood phases. Specific neuropsychological tests reliably identify these deficits, aiding in diagnosis and understanding the condition's impact.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Bipolar disorder is frequently associated with persistent cognitive impairments, even when individuals are in an euthymic state.
- Understanding these cognitive deficits is crucial for effective patient management and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify neuropsychological tests that reliably differentiate euthymic bipolar patients from healthy controls.
- To assess the clinical significance of cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder using established neuropsychological norms.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered to 108 patients with bipolar disorder (type I and II) and 86 healthy controls.
- Multivariate analysis was employed to model cognitive performance and identify differences between groups.
Main Results:
- A single predictive component of cognitive performance partially separated bipolar patients from controls.
- Tests assessing set shifting, inhibition, fluency, and searching, such as the Trail Making Test and Color-Word test, demonstrated the strongest ability to discriminate between groups and detect impairments.
Conclusions:
- Both bipolar disorder type I and type II are linked to cognitive impairments.
- A significant minority of patients exhibit clinically significant cognitive deficits, and a specific combination of tests can reliably detect these impairments.
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