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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Related Experiment Video

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An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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Ventricular septal defect and bivalvular endocarditis.

Kate E Birkenkamp1, Jay J Jin1, Raina Shivashankar1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Avicenna Journal of Medicine
|January 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case report highlights a rare instance of multi-valve endocarditis caused by Streptococcus anginosus. Early diagnosis and treatment with intravenous antibiotics led to the resolution of cardiac masses.

Keywords:
Echocardiographyinfective endocarditispulmonary valve endocarditisventricular septal defect

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Multi-valve infective endocarditis involving both left and right heart chambers is uncommon, particularly in patients without a history of intravenous drug use or prior endocarditis.
  • Streptococcus anginosus can cause severe infections, including endocarditis, affecting multiple heart valves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of simultaneous left and right-sided multi-valve endocarditis.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic importance of ventricular septal defects in such cases.
  • To illustrate the successful treatment of infective endocarditis with intravenous antibiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 63-year-old male with symptoms of fatigue, dyspnea, and weight loss.
  • Blood cultures positive for pan-sensitive Streptococcus anginosus.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography revealing masses on the mitral and pulmonary valves and a ventricular septal defect.

Main Results:

  • Successful treatment with 12 weeks of intravenous antibiotics.
  • Resolution of cardiac masses on both mitral and pulmonary valves.
  • Identification of a small membranous ventricular septal defect as a potential contributing factor.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous right and left-sided endocarditis necessitates a thorough evaluation for underlying cardiac defects, such as ventricular septal defects or extra-cardiac shunts.
  • Intravenous antibiotic therapy can be effective in resolving infective endocarditis and associated cardiac masses.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering less common etiologies and anatomical abnormalities in complex endocarditis presentations.