Survey on childhood solid malignant tumors in cases admitted to mofid pediatric hospital from 1996-2010: a single-center study
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Farzaneh Jadali1, Hosein Aghayan Golkashani1, Golareh Habibi2
1Dept. of Pediatric Pathology, Medical Research and Development Center of Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Childhood solid malignancies, including lymphomas and Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors, show an increasing trend, particularly in males. Further research is crucial for better cancer control programs.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Childhood malignancies represent a significant public health concern.
- Understanding local epidemiologic and demographic variations in childhood cancers is vital.
Observation:
- A retrospective review of solid malignant tumors in patients under 15 years (1996-2010) was conducted.
- Lymphomas and Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors were most common, followed by Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) tumors, soft tissue sarcomas, and renal tumors.
- A notable increase in childhood solid malignancies was observed between 2009 and 2010, especially in CNS and SNS tumors.
Findings:
- The peak age for diagnosis was 1–4 years.
- A male predominance was observed (1.38:1), increasing with age.
- Malignant CNS tumors significantly contributed to the recent rise in childhood solid malignancies.
Implications:
- The observed trends necessitate further regional and national research into childhood cancers.
- Data can inform the development of targeted cancer control programs and evidence-based resource allocation.
- Addressing geographic and racial disparities in childhood cancer is essential.
Background:
As children comprise a considerable proportion of our population, the importance of local epidemiologic research and geographic and racial differences can't be disputed on childhood malignancies.
Methods:
In this descriptive retrospective study, we extensively reviewed the medical records of patients younger than 15 years of age, diagnosed with solid malignant tumors, from 1996 to 2010, using the last version of International Classification of Childhood Cancers.
Results:
In our study the order of incidence of solid malignancies was relatively similar to the other national studies, with lymphomas and Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors as the most common, followed by Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) tumors, soft tissue sarcomas and renal tumors. The peak age of diagnosis was between 1 and 4 years old. In our study, the overall male to female ratio was 1.38, with a trend towards male dominance in the older age groups. We also observed a disturbing trend of childhood solid malignancies. The total number of cases almost doubled from 2009(54(6.9%)) to 2010(96(12.2%)) .This trend was particularly detected in CNS and SNS tumors. Further analysis showed that malignant CNS tumors had played a more pronounced role in this change.
Conclusion:
Changes in trends of some tumor categories have illustrated a desperate need to further research in regional and national levels. Also the gathered data can be used to make more accurate programs for a better control of cancer and to help policymakers to allocate more evidence-based resource for hospitals.
