Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

3.6K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
3.6K
Propagation of Action Potentials01:23

Propagation of Action Potentials

16.0K
The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
16.0K
Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

12.9K
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
12.9K
Action Potentials01:41

Action Potentials

151.4K
Overview
151.4K
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay01:27

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

5.8K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is  a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
5.8K
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

5.9K
The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
5.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Passive sensing of gait and medication-related fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Muscle Co-Contraction of the Forearm Is Increased in Response to Temporal Uncertainty During a Dynamic Stabilization Task.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Advancing Embodied Virtual Reality for Motor Learning and Neurorehabilitation.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Propagation of beta bursts from the motor cortex to the motor units of multiple upper-limb muscles.

Journal of neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Motor learning mechanisms are not modified by feedback manipulations in a real-world task.

NPJ science of learning·2025
Same author

Modulatory effect of levodopa on the basal ganglia-cerebellum connectivity in Parkinson's disease.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices
09:30

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Published on: October 16, 2019

7.5K

Spontaneous activity does not predict morphological type in cerebellar interneurons.

Shlomi Haar1, Ronit Givon-Mayo2, Neal H Barmack3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|January 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Unsupervised clustering reveals six distinct spontaneous activity groups in cerebellar interneurons (CINs), unrelated to traditional cell types. This finding emphasizes the need for data-driven neuronal classification across the brain.

Keywords:
cerebellar cortex interneuronsfuzzy C-means clusteringinter-spike interval

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Neural Circuit Formation from Two-Photon Microscopy and Single Neuron Imaging
06:18

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Neural Circuit Formation from Two-Photon Microscopy and Single Neuron Imaging

Published on: November 21, 2023

1.5K
Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy
09:10

Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy

Published on: May 12, 2015

9.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices
09:30

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Published on: October 16, 2019

7.5K
Author Spotlight: Deciphering Neural Circuit Formation from Two-Photon Microscopy and Single Neuron Imaging
06:18

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Neural Circuit Formation from Two-Photon Microscopy and Single Neuron Imaging

Published on: November 21, 2023

1.5K
Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy
09:10

Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy

Published on: May 12, 2015

9.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Cellular Neuroscience

Background:

  • Classifying neurons based on physiological signatures is challenging.
  • Previous studies used supervised methods on interneuron activity, potentially introducing bias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify cerebellar interneurons (CINs) using unsupervised clustering of spontaneous activity.
  • To determine if spontaneous activity clusters align with established morphological cell types.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded extracellular activity from CINs in anesthetized cats.
  • Applied fuzzy C-means clustering to nonparametric interspike interval (ISI) histograms using Kullback-Leibler distances.
  • Tested robustness across different datasets, anesthesia, labs, and species (rats).

Main Results:

  • Identified six distinct, robust clusters of CINs based on spontaneous activity patterns.
  • Found no correlation between these activity-based clusters and standard morphological cell types.
  • Results were consistent across varied experimental conditions and species.

Conclusions:

  • Unsupervised clustering of spontaneous neuronal activity offers a robust method for neuronal categorization.
  • Current morphological classifications may not fully capture functional distinctions revealed by activity patterns.
  • Further research is needed to explore the functional significance of these activity-defined neuronal clusters during behavior.