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Author Spotlight: Discovering New Alkaloids in Plants with Advanced Mass Spectrometry Techniques
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Stemona alkaloids: biosynthesis, classification, and biogenetic relationships.

Feng-Peng Wang, Qiao-Hong Chen

    Natural Product Communications
    |January 30, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Stemona alkaloids, derived from L-ornithine, encompass hemiterpenoid and monoterpenoid pyrrolidine classes. This review classifies 183 known compounds based on biosynthesis and structural features.

    Area of Science:

    • Natural Product Chemistry
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Stemona alkaloids represent a unique class of natural products.
    • These alkaloids originate from L-ornithine and glutamic acid, forming hemiterpenoid and monoterpenoid pyrrolidine structures.
    • Extensive research has detailed their chemical structures, synthesis, and bioactivities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and classify the known Stemona alkaloids.
    • To elucidate the biosynthesis and biogenetic relationships of these compounds.
    • To provide a comprehensive overview of their structural diversity.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of chemical structures, synthesis, and bioactivities.
    • Analysis of biogenetic pathways and chemical features.

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  • Classification based on comprehensive consideration of biosynthetic origins and structural characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 183 Stemona alkaloids have been isolated by the end of 2013.
    • The alkaloids are classified into two main classes: hemiterpenoid pyrrolidine and monoterpenoid pyrrolidine.
    • These 183 alkaloids are further categorized into fourteen distinct types based on biogenetic pathways and chemical features.

    Conclusions:

    • The classification provides a systematic framework for understanding Stemona alkaloid diversity.
    • This review consolidates knowledge on biosynthesis, structure, and relationships within the Stemona alkaloid family.
    • Further research can build upon this classification for drug discovery and synthetic efforts.