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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

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The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management01:29

Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management

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Assessment: Nursing management of patients with cardiomyopathy begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's history, including a family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden cardiac death, personal history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and any alcohol consumption or drug use.During the physical examination, assess vital signs, look for signs of heart failure (such as edema, jugular venous distention, and cyanosis), auscultate for abnormal heart sounds (like murmurs and gallops),...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

3.5K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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The Colon-26 Carcinoma Tumor-bearing Mouse as a Model for the Study of Cancer Cachexia
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Malnutrition and Cachexia in Heart Failure.

Adam Rahman1, Syed Jafry2, Khursheed Jeejeebhoy3

  • 1University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Lawson Health Research Institute Program of Experimental Medicine (POEM), London, Ontario, Canada.

JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|January 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure patients often experience severe muscle wasting, known as cardiac cachexia, due to inflammation. This review covers nutrition assessment, the causes of cardiac cachexia, and potential treatments for wasting.

Keywords:
cardiac diseasecritical careinternal medicineminerals/trace elementsnutritionnutrition assessmentnutrition support practiceorgan transplantationoutcomes research/qualityproteinsresearch and diseasesvitamins

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Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
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Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nutrition Science
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Heart failure is a significant public health issue.
  • Advanced heart failure is commonly linked to severe muscle wasting (cardiac cachexia).
  • Cardiac cachexia diminishes patient quality of life and survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the nutritional status evaluation in heart failure patients.
  • To explore the underlying pathophysiology of cardiac cachexia.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies for managing wasting in heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on heart failure, cardiac cachexia, and nutrition.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms driving systemic inflammation and muscle wasting.
  • Synthesis of current and emerging therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac cachexia is driven by systemic inflammation and tumor necrosis factor.
  • Malnutrition often coexists due to poor nutrient intake.
  • Effective management requires a multi-faceted approach.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac cachexia is a critical complication of advanced heart failure.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology is key to developing targeted therapies.
  • Interventions should focus on nutrition status, inflammation, and muscle wasting.