Understanding and treating aortopathy in bicuspid aortic valve

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Genetics
• Vascular Biology

Background:

• Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a prevalent congenital heart defect.
• BAV is frequently associated with ascending aortic enlargement, irrespective of valve function.
• Aortic enlargement in BAV patients poses a risk for dissection, often leading to prophylactic surgery at 50-55 mm diameter.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and associated aortic enlargement.
• To explore the potential etiology of aortic complications in BAV.
• To highlight ongoing research into the role of medical therapy for BAV.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current knowledge on BAV.
• Analysis of the association between BAV and aortic dimensions.
• Overview of emerging clinical trials investigating medical therapies.

Main Results:

• BAV is a common condition with significant clinical complexity.
• Aortic enlargement (root or midascending) is a common finding in BAV patients.
• No published data currently exists on the efficacy of medical therapy for BAV.

Conclusions:

• BAV necessitates a comprehensive understanding beyond valve function.
• The role of medical therapy in managing aortic complications of BAV is an active area of research.
• Future clinical trials aim to establish evidence-based medical treatment strategies for BAV.