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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
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Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

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Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
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Data-driven asthma endotypes defined from blood biomarker and gene expression data.

Barbara Jane George1, David M Reif2, Jane E Gallagher3

  • 1National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America.

Plos One
|February 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identified four distinct childhood asthma endotypes using gene expression and clinical data. Findings reveal metabolic syndrome-induced inflammation in three endotypes, paving the way for new biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Childhood asthma diagnosis is complex due to distinct subtypes (endotypes).
  • Genetic and environmental factors influence asthma heterogeneity.
  • Identifying endotypes is crucial for targeted treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct asthma endotypes using a data-driven approach.
  • To integrate blood gene expression and clinical biomarkers for mechanistic insights.
  • To explore associations between endotypes and clinical factors like metabolic syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Stratified, cross-sectional study of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children.
  • Collected clinical biomarkers and blood gene expression data.
  • Employed a data-driven method to identify distinct asthma endotypes.

Main Results:

  • Identified four distinct asthma endotypes.
  • Integrated gene expression and clinical data for endotype discovery.
  • Found metabolic syndrome-induced systemic inflammation associated with three endotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated approaches are essential for understanding complex disease etiologies.
  • Clinical biomarkers are vital for interpreting gene expression patterns.
  • Synthesized data may lead to novel serum-based biomarker panels for asthma.