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Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose...
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Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...
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Hyperglycemia in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Sara J Healy1, Kathleen M Dungan

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 5th Floor McCampbell Hall; 1581 Dodd Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

Current Diabetes Reports
|February 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Patients with hematologic malignancies face high hyperglycemia risks, impacting outcomes. Effective glucose management, though challenging, is crucial for improving survival and reducing complications in these vulnerable individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Patients with hematologic malignancies are prone to hyperglycemia due to treatments like glucocorticoids and medical stress.
  • Hyperglycemia in this population is linked to adverse outcomes, including infections, organ dysfunction, and increased mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and strategies for managing hyperglycemia in patients with hematologic malignancies.
  • To emphasize the need for individualized glucose control and regular screening for diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on hyperglycemia in hematologic malignancies.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to hyperglycemia and its impact on patient outcomes.
  • Discussion of current management strategies and recommendations for glucose control.

Main Results:

  • Hyperglycemia is common and associated with poor prognosis in hematologic malignancy patients.
  • HbA1c measurements may be unreliable due to treatment and disease-related factors.
  • Insulin therapy is generally required, with individualized adjustments and close follow-up crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Effective glucose management is essential for improving outcomes in hematologic malignancy patients.
  • Patients require regular screening for long-term diabetes risk post-treatment.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to establish optimal glucose targets.