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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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The effect of semantic context on prospective memory performance.

Brandon J Thomas¹, Dawn M McBride²

¹a Department of Psychology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA.

Memory (Hove, England)

|February 4, 2015

Summary

This study shows spontaneous memory for intentions (prospective memory) occurs when cues disrupt ongoing task processing. Category discrepancies between cues and tasks enhance prospective memory retrieval.

Keywords:

Discrepancy-plus-search Multi-process theory Preparatory attentional and memory model Prospective memory

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Published on: May 9, 2019

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Prospective memory (PM), or remembering to perform intentions, is crucial for daily functioning.
Spontaneous processing mechanisms, like discrepancy-plus-search, are proposed to underlie PM cue detection without conscious effort.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the discrepancy-plus-search mechanism in spontaneous prospective memory.
To examine if semantic category discrepancies between ongoing task items and PM cues influence PM performance.

Main Methods:

Participants performed an ongoing rating task with a dominant semantic context.
Prospective memory cues (Body Parts) were presented, either congruent or discrepant with the ongoing task's semantic category.
Performance on PM cue detection and ongoing task reaction times were measured.

Main Results:

Participants showed significantly better prospective memory performance when PM cues were semantically discrepant from the ongoing task.
Faster reaction times on the ongoing task were observed when participants detected discrepant PM cues compared to congruent cues.
These findings support the discrepancy-plus-search model for prospective memory retrieval.

Conclusions:

Semantic category discrepancies can trigger spontaneous prospective memory retrieval.
The violation of processing expectations within a semantic context appears to facilitate prospective memory functioning.
Discrepancy-plus-search offers a viable explanation for spontaneous prospective memory in specific cognitive contexts.