Inflammatory pseudotumor of spleen: a case report

Area of Science:

• Pathology
• Surgical Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen is an exceptionally rare benign splenic condition with unknown causes.
• It presents with vague symptoms or is found incidentally, with only 114 cases reported since 1984.
• Distinguishing it from malignant splenic lesions is challenging due to nonspecific clinical and imaging findings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges and the importance of histological confirmation.
• To emphasize the role of imaging and surgical intervention in managing this rare entity.

Main Methods:

• A case report of a 56-year-old woman with splenic injury identified via ultrasound and CT.
• The patient underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for diagnosis and treatment.
• Histopathological examination of the spleen confirmed inflammatory pseudotumor.

Main Results:

• Histology revealed inflammatory cells, necrosis, and fibrosis, consistent with inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen.
• Imaging studies like CT and MRI were crucial in the diagnostic process.
• Splenectomy provided definitive diagnosis and excluded other splenic pathologies.

Conclusions:

• Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen is a benign entity that can mimic malignant neoplasms.
• While imaging aids in diagnosis, definitive confirmation relies on histological findings.
• Splenectomy remains the gold standard for diagnosis and to rule out malignancy in suspected cases.