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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
Published on: May 2, 2025
Effect of transient blood glucose increases after oral glucose intake on the human urinary proteome
Menglin Li1,2, Mindi Zhao1, Youhe Gao1,3
1National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Purpose:
Unlike blood, which has mechanisms to maintain homeostasis, urine is more likely to reflect changes in the body. However, the urinary proteome is affected by many factors such as diet, medication, daily activities. Transient increase of blood glucose frequently occurs after the consumption of food and may be an interfering factor in biomarker studies.
Experimental Design:
In this study, a transient increase of blood glucose level was achieved by performing an oral glucose tolerance test on nine healthy human volunteers. Urine samples before and after the test were collected and analyzed by LC-MS/MS.
Results:
According to quantification using Progenesis LC-MS software, only the protein neutrophil defensin 1, which was reported to participate in reducing blood glucose levels, was increased in the urine after glucose intake; and almost all urinary proteins may not be affected.
Conclusions And Clinical Relevance:
Transient increase of blood glucose levels may not be a major interfering factor in biomarker studies, at least with current levels of identification and quantification.
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